Textbooks:
William Stallings, Computer organization and architecture: Designing for performance, 9th edition, Prentice Hall, 2013. [PDF]
David Patterson and John Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design, 5th edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2014. [PDF] C Programming
B. Kernighan and D. Ritchie, C Programming Language, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988. [PDF]
Resources
1. Number representations
2. von Newmann model
3. Instruction sets